As concern over mosquito-borne illnesses such as West Nile virus (WNV) and Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) grows with new cases being reported around the state, St. Lawrence County Cooperative Extension is offering warnings and advice.

Dr. Amy Glaser, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University explains that West Nile virus is primarily a mosquito-borne virus disease of birds, but humans and other animals (horses, in particular) can also be infected.

First detected in 1999 in New York State, most people infected will have no symptoms and about 20 percent will experience mild symptoms which include fever, headache and body aches.

People over the age of 50 are at higher risk for developing serious diseases such as encephalitis or meningitis. There is no vaccine available, so prevention of mosquito bites and elimination of mosquito breeding areas are important measures to reduce the potential for infection.

General mosquito control is important to protect people and horses:

• Keep horses in during dusk and dawn, prime feeding time for mosquitoes.

• Eliminate any standing water on the property.

• Fill in low spots where standing water can accumulate.

• Remove tires, cans, plastic containers, ceramic pots and similar items that can hold water; drill holes in the bottom of recycling bins and containers.

• Turn over wheelbarrows, wading pools, etc. when not in use.

• Clean out clogged rain gutters.

• Dump and clean water troughs daily that are used for animals on your farm; most health departments recommend at least every four days.

• Barn or outside lights tend to attract mosquitoes, so limit use during dark hours.

• Use commercially prepared equine insecticides and repellents.

• Remember that insecticides are only effective for short periods of time.

• Use all insecticides according to label instructions.

• Horse barns can be screened.

• Do not allow birds to roost or nest in barns, indoor arena, or hay lofts.

• Keep grass and weeds trimmed, including around buildings, paddocks and fences.

For more information regarding WNV or EEE contact Mary Beth Green, Extension Educator for Cornell Cooperative Extension of St. Lawrence County at 379-9192, ext 229.